Thursday, August 7, 2025

Birlasoft Q1FY’26 Revenue At $150.7 Mn, Down 1% QoQ; EBITDA Margin At 12.4%

Birlasoft Ltd [BSE: 532400, NSE: BSOFT], part of the multibillion-dollar CKA Birla Group, today reported its unaudited consolidated financial results for the first quarter ended June 30, 2025 (Q1 FY26). 

Mr. Angan Guha, Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director, Birlasoft, said, “Three of our four verticals — BFSI, Life Sciences & Services, and Energy & Utilities — delivered sequential growth in dollar terms during the quarter. The Manufacturing vertical, which is also our largest, remained sluggish on account of some project closures and ramp downs. While the demand environment remains challenging due to the prevailing macroeconomic conditions, our deal pipeline is robust and we expect an uptick in deal wins as customer decision-making picks up. We have been deploying advanced AI- powered capabilities, including Agentic AI, across multiple existing customer engagements. Many of the deals that we have been winning in the recent past are also centered on Gen AI. Our focus in the current environment is on execution with an eye on operational efficiency, cashflow generation, and prudent capital allocation.”

 

"Our consolidated revenue during the quarter stood at $150.7 million. This represents a sequential decline of 1%, due to degrowth in our Manufacturing vertical that outweighed the growth seen across all other verticals. We continue to generate healthy cashflows with cash and cash equivalents rising to $266.6 million by the end of the quarter, up about 3% QoQ and 16% YoY. We have begun the new financial year with a robust balance sheet. We are also making judicious investments in the business, prioritising initiatives where we anticipate returns in the medium term," said Ms. Kamini Shah, Chief Financial Officer, Birlasoft.

 

Key Financial highlights for Q1 FY26

 

In INR ₹

·     Revenue at ₹ 12,849 M, down 2.4% QoQ

·     EBITDA ₹ 1,588 M, EBITDA Margin at 12.4%

·     PAT at ₹ 1,064 M translating to basic EPS (not annualized) of ₹3.81

·     Adjusted PAT at ₹ 1,226 M translating to basic EPS (not annualized) of ₹4.39

·     Cash and cash equivalents rise 3.1% QoQ and 19.4% YoY to ₹ 22,864 M

In USD $

·     Revenue at $ 150.7 M, down 1.0% QoQ

·     EBITDA $ 18.6 M, EBITDA Margin at 12.4%

·     PAT $ 12.5 M, PAT Margin 8.3%

·     Adjusted PAT $ 14.4 M, Adjusted PAT Margin 9.5%

Note: Adjusted PAT is after excluding one-time incremental tax for FY26

Other operating highlights

·     Revenue performance during Q1FY26 was led by E&U, LSS and BFSI among

verticals and by Digital & Data among service lines.

o  E&U up 1.9%, Lifesciences & Services (LSS) up 1.4% and BFSI up 0.3% QoQ in dollar terms, while Manufacturing registered a sequential decline among verticals.

o  Digital & Data up 2.6% QoQ.

o  Revenue contribution from Top 5, Top 10 and Top 20 customers increased QoQ.

·     Signed deals of TCV $ 141 M during the quarter with new deal wins TCV of $ 76 M and renewals of $ 65 M.

·     Active Client Count at 247 in Q1FY26 (compared to 254 in Q4FY25 and 258 in Q1FY25).

·     Cash & Cash equivalents rise to $ 266.6 M by end of Q1FY26 versus $ 259.5 M at end of Q4FY25. In rupee terms, cash and cash equivalents increased to ₹ 22,864 M at the end of Q1FY26 from ₹ 22,177 M at the end of the preceding quarter.

·     Q1FY26 DSO at 58 days versus 54 days in Q4FY25.

·     Workforce strength stood at 11,834 as on 30th June 2025 and attrition was 13.3% during Q1FY26.

Key deal wins for the quarter...

·     Secured a landmark enterprise-wide Quality Engineering transformation program with a global technology leader, integrating Agentic AI-driven automation to replace fragmented vendor operations with a unified, SLA- driven testing model spanning 80+ applications across all business domains.

·     Partnered with a leading Energy industry player in the US to deliver cutting- edge agentic AI use cases within the manufacturing supply chain, accelerating intelligent automation and operational resilience.

·     Secured a strategic engagement with a Fortune 500 manufacturing leader to drive ERP standardization across global operations, reinforcing our commitment to digital transformation at scale.

…Key deal wins for the quarter

·     Selected as the cloud and infrastructure managed services partner for a recently spun-off entity from a global building materials and solutions company, specifically for their North America operations.

·     Won a deal with a P&C Specialty Insurance major to deliver Integration work for their new Rating systems and Underwriting Workbench.

·     In the Insurance segment, initiated a new project on modernizing the reinsurance platform for a Reinsurance S&P 500 customer.

·     Signed a PLM engagement with one of the largest global technology companies that specializes in developing graphics processing units (GPUs) and system-on-a-chip units (SoCs) for gaming, professional visualization, data centers, and automotive markets.

 

Awards & Recognitions

·     Birlasoft recognized as an ‘Innovator’ in Avasant’s SAP SuccessFactors Services 2025 RadarView™

·     Birlasoft recognized as an ‘Innovator’ in Avasant’s Manufacturing Digital Services 2025 RadarView™

·     Birlasoft recognized as ‘Product Challenger’ in ISG’s ‘Automotive and Mobility Services and Solutions 2025’ ISG Provider Lens™ Study

·     Birlasoft recognized as ‘Product Challenger’ in ISG’s ‘Private/Hybrid Cloud – Data Center Services 2025’ ISG Provider Lens™ Study

·     Birlasoft recognized as ‘Product Challenger’ in ISG’s ‘Snowflake Ecosystem Partners – 2025’ ISG Provider Lens™ Study

·     Birlasoft honored with the Sustainable Initiative of the Year award at the 5th Sustainability Summit, recognizing its continued commitment to environmental and social responsibility.

·     Birlasoft ranked among the Top 10 Investor Relations Professionals in the Technology – IT Services & Software category in the Extel (formerly Institutional Investor Research) 2025 Asia Executive Team Rankings. Additionally, Birlasoft was recognized among the Top 3 in the Rest of Asia (ex- Mainland China) segment. 

About Birlasoft

Birlasoft is a global technology company enabling “next-generation” digital transformation through expertise in Cloud, AI, Data, and enterprise solutions. Combining industry proficiency with advanced digital capabilities, it helps businesses accelerate change with speed, scale, and purpose, delivering “future-ready” solutions that enhance agility, resilience, and customer experience.

 

Part of the CKA Birla Group and led by Chairman Mrs. Amita Birla, Birlasoft’s nearly 12,000 professionals drive innovation while building a diverse, inclusive, and learning-oriented culture. With a strong focus on sustainability and long-term value creation, Birlasoft transforms enterprises and communities, earning its reputation as a trusted partner and one of the best places to work.

Param Foundation Dedicates PARSEC – Bengaluru’s First Interactive Science Centre For Children


In a pioneering step towards transforming science education for young minds, Param Foundation today announced the launch of PARSEC (Param Science Experience Centre) in Jayanagar – Bengaluru’s first-of-its-kind hands-on interactive Science Centre for children.

Rooted in the belief that science is best learned through experience, PARSEC is an immersive, child-centric learning space designed to ignite curiosity, fuel creativity, and make scientific exploration fun, accessible, and inclusive. Targeted at children aged 5 to 15, the centre complements formal education with experiential, inquiry-driven learning that nurtures future innovators, problem-solvers, and critical thinkers.

“We envision PARSEC as a vibrant hub where science comes alive through play, experimentation, and imagination. It’s not just a science centre—it’s a launchpad for tomorrow’s changemakers,” said a spokesperson from Param Foundation.

Key Highlights:

  • 80+ interactive exhibits across 7 themed galleries, including kinetic, tactile, illusion, and digital science.

  • Maker Space for DIY tinkering, prototyping, and creative experimentation.

  • Live science shows, workshops, and discovery events designed to make learning engaging and memorable.

  • Evolving exhibit themes aligned with current scientific discoveries to ensure every visit offers something new.

  • Special access programs for underserved communities to promote equity in science education.

Programs Designed for All Ages:

  • Foundational discovery for early learners (5–8 years)

  • Hands-on experimentation for middle learners (9–12 years)

  • Project-based and advanced workshops for teens (13–15 years)

  • Teacher training, field trips, science camps, and community outreach events will further extend the centre’s educational impact.

Conveniently located in Jayanagar 7th Block, just 400 metres from the metro station, PARSEC has been thoughtfully built with safety, accessibility, and engagement at its core.


Partnerships and Vision:

Param Foundation is actively building partnerships with schools, universities, research institutions, and innovation leaders from Bengaluru’s vibrant science and technology ecosystem. Through these collaborations, the centre aims to co-create impactful, future-ready learning experiences.

PARSEC is more than a space—it’s a movement. With a mission to democratize science learning and inspire every child to see themselves as a scientist, inventor, or explorer, PARSEC promises to become a landmark destination in Bengaluru’s educational landscape.

IndiaTech Dialogues Panel Calls For Urgent Crypto Regulation To Protect Investors And Ensure Accountability


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        The panel engaged in a deep discussion on the ongoing WazirX case, highlighting the jurisdictional complexities that have emerged due to the exchange's corporate structure

As India’s virtual digital assets (VDA) ecosystem reaches a critical juncture, concerns around investor protection, regulatory clarity, and accountability are surfacing with increasing urgency. To advance this conversation, IndiaTech.org, an industry association representing India’s technology startups, unicorns, and investors, hosted the latest edition of its IndiaTech Dialogues – Governance & Safeguards Series, with a focused panel discussion on ‘Virtual Digital Assets: Regulations, Responsibility, and the Road Ahead’.

The session brought together prominent voices from the legal, investment, and digital finance sectors. The panel comprised of distinguished speakers, namely, Ms. Rashmi Deshpande, Founder, Fountainhead Legal; Mr. Chirayu Bagree, Technology Lawyer and VDA Investor; Mr. Sanjay Saxena, Digital Payments Expert and Mr. Rameesh Kailasam, CEO & President of IndiaTech.org, who moderated the session.

The panel engaged in a deep discussion on the ongoing WazirX case, highlighting the jurisdictional complexities that have emerged due to the exchange's corporate structure. The discussion brought to light the growing concerns of Indian investors who traded on WazirX—an exchange with its principal operations and user base in India—but now face significant hurdles in participating in legal proceedings taking place in Singapore.

Panellists, including several impacted users, underscored the challenges arising from the fact that WazirX’s parent entity, Zettai Pte Ltd, is incorporated in Singapore. As a result, key legal proceedings such as moratoriums and restructuring plans are being adjudicated in Singapore courts, leaving Indian retail and small-scale traders without adequate domestic recourse.

The 2024 cyberattack on the exchange further intensified investor concerns, with many calling for a domestic resolution mechanism. Several users advocated for the initiation of an NCLT-led dissolution process in India to ensure that Indian stakeholders can be meaningfully represented and protected under Indian legal frameworks

Highlighting the severity of the situation, Mr. Sanjay Saxena, Digital Payments and Web3 Expert remarked, “The current investor situation exposes serious regulatory and jurisdictional challenges in the crypto sector. Without transparent oversight and a third-party audit of crypto holdings, user trust is undermined refunds in fiat currency fail to respect investors’ rights to digital assets. Given the management and regulatory gaps, seeking resolution through the NCLT’s formal dissolution process is both appropriate and necessary. An NCLT-led approach can establish structured, legally binding remedies that address jurisdictional ambiguities while protecting investors.”

Ms. Rashmi Deshpande, Founder, Fountainhead Legal, added, “The absence of enforceable regulation in India has left users vulnerable, especially when assets are transferred offshore without recourse. There’s an urgent need for frameworks that mandate solvency norms, data disclosures, and legal remedies within the country. Operators must be held accountable under domestic law. Without this, investor interests will continue to be compromised.”

Mr. Rameesh Kailasam, CEO & President of IndiaTech.org said, “In a world where assets are borderless and transactions can occur across multiple jurisdictions, investors should know what their rights are and how their assets are protected. It is critical to enforce laws that apply in case of disputes, hacks, bankruptcies and insolvencies. India needs to step in to enforce a mechanism for handling such in the larger interest of investor protection.”

Mr. Chirayu Bagree, Technology Lawyer and VDA Investor, said, “We are currently operating in a regulatory vacuum. The lack of a unified and transparent framework leaves both investors and exchanges exposed to uncertainty. There’s an urgent need for India to introduce a crypto-specific regulatory body, one that is recognised globally and rooted in investor protection. Regulatory clarity must go hand in hand with legal recourse and timely redressal. Above all, we need continuous dialogue between policymakers, regulators, and stakeholders to shape a framework that works for India.”

IndiaTech Dialogues is a flagship event bringing together policymakers, industry leaders, and academic experts to collaborate on technology policy that aligns with India’s evolving digital landscape.

Skyscanner Unveils Top Global Cities For Travel With Your Furry Friend


New York, Nice, and Valencia leading the pack in Skyscanner's new Pawprint Guide, making international holidays with your pet easier than ever

With pet travel on the rise, Skyscanner, the global travel app, launches The Pawprint Guide, ranking the top 10 most pet-friendly cities in the world for 2025. The trend is unmistakable: pets are no longer just companions - they're family. For Indian travellers, this bond is reshaping travel choices, with 11% now taking their pets on international holidays in 2025, up from just 4% in 2024*.

As pets join the ranks of global travellers, countries like Italy, Japan, and Australia are leading the way by easing restrictions and embracing a more pet-friendly culture. This shift is reflected in the growing infrastructure, with 31% of hotels and accommodations listed on Skyscanner now welcoming pets in 2025.

This shift is making it easier than ever for owners to share incredible travel experiences with their furry companions. Skyscanner’s Pawprint Guide identifies inspiring destinations where pets aren’t just allowed but welcomed, with New York, Nice, and Valencia topping the list.

“We created The Pawprint Guide because pets are fast becoming a new traveller demographic. As pets become an integral part of Indian families, cities like Bengaluru and Mumbai are leading the way in making pet comfort a real priority - especially as more families consider their needs when planning international travel,” said Mohit Joshi, Skyscanner Travel Expert. “Navigating pet-friendly international travel can be challenging, which is why our Pawprint Guide offers clear inspiration for destinations that truly welcome pet parents and their furry companions, giving them the confidence to explore the world together.”

Skyscanner’s top 10 pet-friendly destinations have been ranked based on the number of pet-friendly accommodation, outdoor spaces, walkability, public transport, travel regulations, and pet-friendly restaurants and cafes.

Top 10 Cities to travel with your pet in 2025 (Global Ranking):

  1. New York, US - highest number of pet-friendly accommodation and dedicated dog runs

  2. Nice, France - dog-friendly beaches and canine hospitality

  3. Valencia, Spain - best for dedicated dog parks

  4. Rovinj, Croatia - most dog beaches and scenic hiking trails

  5. Brighton, UK - most walkable with pet-welcoming amenities

  6. Ljubljana, Slovenia - best for scenic dog strolls and pet-friendly accommodation

  7. Grosseto, Italy - best for dog walks and road trips

  8. Graz, Austria - Off leash dog zones and green spaces

  9. Toronto, Canada - best for pet friendly-transport and scenic waterfront walks

  10. Frankfurt, Germany - best of pet-friendly indoor and outdoor venues and city strolls 

The Pawprint Guide features destination highlights and insights on the cheapest months to book for each destination.

Explore the full guide here: https://www.skyscanner.co.in/news/the-pawprint-guide 

*Report by IBEF

Contact Details:

Riya Sarda | 9820782508 | riya.sarda@ogilvy.com

Avantika Mohun |9625997172 | avantika.mohun@ogilvy.com 

Syscanner’s Pawprint Guide Methodology

From canine cappuccinos in New York to leash-free beaches in Valencia, today’s pet travel scene is growing fast. To rank our pet-friendly cities, we looked at: 

  • The amount of pet-friendly accommodation

  • Rules & regulations e.g., visas and pet passports 

  • Green spaces and dog parks

  • Transport accessibility

  • Café and restaurant inclusivity

  • Local pet culture 

We have also used Skyscanner's internal historical data:

The "pet-friendliness" ranking was influenced by the number of hotels in each city that allow pets to stay, listed on Skyscanner in July 2025

For the average flight price calculations, we took the average return flight of a price from India to the destination's main airport. This was measured over an 18 month period from Jan 1st 2024 to June 30th 2025.

The cheapest month to book is based on the month with the cheapest average return flight  prices in 2024. This is based on the month trips took place, not the month trips were booked. 

About Skyscanner

Skyscanner is a leading global travel app that helps travellers plan and book their trip with ease and confidence. Every month, Skyscanner connects millions of travellers, in 52 countries and 37 languages, to more than 1200 trusted travel partners so they can find the best flight, hotel or car hire options. 

Founded in 2003, Skyscanner has offices worldwide, in Europe, Asia-Pacific and North America where traveller-first innovations are developed, powered by data and insights. Making use of the latest technology, Skyscanner simplifies the complexity of travel and provides honest and transparent solutions, searching more than 80 billion prices every day so travellers can be sure they've seen the best possible options, all in one place. 

Taneira Champions Authenticity And Heritage With GI-Tagged Offerings This National Handloom Day


 Strengthening the legacy of India’s rich textile traditions while empowering artisans

As the country prepares to celebrate National Handloom Day, Taneira, a Tata product, reaffirms its commitment to safeguarding the nation's unparalleled textile heritage with the introduction of GI tagging on their offerings. Among the early adopters in the industry, Taneira becomes one of the first few Indian saree brands to present GI-certified handloom sarees, in key clusters like Banarasis, Chanderi and Maheshwari to start with. This initiative strengthens the brand’s commitment to the hands behind the loom, the geographies that have shaped their craft over generations, and the traditions woven into every piece of fabric. At its core, this step underscores Taneira’s dedication to authenticity and ethical craftsmanship, aiming to create a deeper connection between consumers and the communities that keep India’s rich weaving legacy alive. Authenticity has been at the heart of Taneira’s ethos from the beginning. From the Handloom Mark to Silk and Zari certifications, each product reflects this commitment. The introduction of GI tagging further strengthens customer trust enhancing the brand’s vision of bringing the best of India under one roof, backed by provenance and purpose.

As part of this initiative, Taneira works closely with vendor partners and artisan clusters to facilitate GI certification, providing documentation support, legal guidance and on-ground enablement. In a design landscape increasingly shaped by mechanized production and diminishing recognition of the craftsperson, this effort reflects the brand’s deep-rooted intent to preserve and progress the quiet elegance and enduring beauty of handwoven traditions.

Taneira is championing a certified and transparent approach to handloom retail. The offerings carry a suite of trusted authenticity markers such as the Handloom Mark, Silk Mark, Zari Certification, Khadi Certificate and Pashmina Certification. With the addition of GI tagging, this suite of certifications now also verifies that each weave originates from its rightful region and the artisans who have upheld it across generations.

On this milestone, Mr. Ambuj Narayan, CEO, Taneira, said, “On the occasion of National Handloom Day, we at Taneira are proud to take another meaningful step in our journey to safeguard India’s weaving traditions and support our artisan communities. By partnering with craft clusters and offering certified weaves, including GI-tagged products, we aim to build a transparent supply chain that not only empowers artisans but also helps customers make informed, conscious choices. Through this initiative, we continue our endeavour to offer sarees that go beyond aesthetics, pieces that embody authenticity, carry the responsibility of heritage and reflect the cultural richness of India to the world at large.”

By actively partnering with weaving clusters, the brand seeks to preserve the traditional knowledge systems that define Indian textiles while ensuring that weaving communities receive rightful recognition. Owning a GI-tagged saree is to own a tangible piece of India’s cultural geography, history and craftsmanship.  These sarees are not just keepers of tradition, but by the very nature of how they are made, handloom sarees are breathable, durable and crafted to last many generations, while combining comfort with timeless elegance.

Taneira is working towards expanding its portfolio of GI-tagged clusters, with weaves from close to 10 other regions currently in progress. With each new addition, the brand moves closer to its vision of making authenticated, region-specific handlooms accessible to the modern Indian woman, while uplifting the ecosystem at every step. This National Handloom Day, Taneira invites customers to discover the stories, soil and soul woven into every thread.

The Federation of Automobile Dealers Associations (FADA) Released Vehicle Retail Data For July 2025

The Federation of Automobile Dealers Associations (FADA) released Vehicle Retail Data for July'25. 

July’25 Retails

Reflecting on July 2025 Auto Retail results, FADA President Mr. C S Vigneshwar said: “After three consecutive months of growth, India’s auto retail sector applied the brakes in July, with overall retails declining by 4.31% YoY. This pullback largely stems from a high-base effect in July 2024, when an extreme heat wave was immediately followed by excessive rainfall, constraining volumes before a rebound later that month. 

Segment‐wise, 3W, Trac and CV achieved growth of 0.83%, 10.96% and 0.23% YoY respectively, whereas 2W, PV and CE contracted by 6.48%, 0.81% and 33.28% YoY. 

In the 2W space, July saw a 6.48% YoY decline and a 6.28% MoM drop, as crop-sowing activities and prolonged heavy rains dampened rural footfalls more sharply than urban demand. Dealers are nevertheless confident of a post-monsoon uptick, with several purchase decisions deferred to August ahead of the festive season—making strategic stock alignment and focused rural–urban engagement imperative for reviving momentum. 

The PV segment contracted by 0.81% YoY even as volumes surged 10.38% MoM, driven by robust rural demand. The Aashaada period and auspicious delivery days, combined with targeted schemes, new-model introductions and aggressive rural marketing, powered hinterland sales that picked up decisively towards month-end. Urban demand, however, remained muted due to low enquiry and restrained customer sentiment. With inventory levels steady at around 55 days, calibrated discounting, streamlined finance facilitation and intensified urban outreach will be crucial for sustaining festive-season growth. 

CV posted a modest 0.23% YoY increase and a 4.19% MoM uptick, led by urban momentum. Dealers cited new-model launches, aggressive marketing support, bulk institutional orders and timely stock availability as key drivers, alongside targeted schemes that bolstered school-bus volumes. In contrast, rural haulage demand remained fragmented amid heavy rainfall, seasonal softness in cement, coal and construction logistics, and slower financier disbursements, prompting many buyers to defer purchases to the post-monsoon period.

Finally, the Trac segment delivered robust performance, with volumes up 10.96% YoY and 14.9% MoM. The timely release of enhanced agricultural subsidies and favourable monsoon rains—together with strengthened rural liquidity—spurred a marked increase in purchase intent. This resilience underscores the pivotal role of policy interventions in sustaining agri-rural demand.” 

Near-Term Outlook

From an agrarian demand perspective, the monsoon outlook through September appears broadly supportive—India is projected to receive normal to above‐normal rainfall (approximately 106 % of the long‐period average), which should bolster crop prospects and rural liquidity—albeit with heightened localized flood and landslide risks in select eastern, northeastern and peninsular pockets. However, external headwinds have emerged as the U.S. administration’s imposition of an additional 25 % tariff on Indian exports has precipitated a 0.4 % dip in benchmark equity indices and a depreciation of the rupee, injecting volatility into financial markets. The resulting wealth erosion and import‐cost pressures on exporters could erode consumer confidence, trigger a precautionary rise in household savings and exert downward pressure on discretionary spending—including on vehicles—over the near term.

 

Dealer sentiment for the near-term (July–September) remains broadly constructive, with 63% of dealers forecasting growth, 27% expecting flat performance and only 9% bracing for degrowth. 2W members anticipate that the convergence of four major festivals—Rakhi, Janmashtami, Independence Day and Ganesh Chaturthi—alongside targeted promotional schemes, aggressive rural engagement and healthy stock levels will drive incremental sales, even as monsoon rains temper footfalls. PV dealers point to a similar festival‐led uplift, underpinned by new model introductions, enhanced EV incentives and deepened finance support. CV dealers remain optimistic on the back of a robust order pipeline and increased rural liquidity from agricultural subsidies, which together offset seasonal logistical headwinds. In aggregate, a festival-driven demand uptick—bolstered by market-specific schemes, inventory readiness and resilient rural sentiment—underpins a positive near-term outlook.

 

While monsoon tailwinds and festival fervour converge to energise demand, the spectre of export-tariff volatility and isolated weather shocks underscores the need for vigilant stewardship. By harnessing precision-targeted promotions, partnership-driven finance solutions and dynamic rural–urban engagement, the industry can navigate these headwinds and anchor itself on a trajectory of sustained retail growth. In sum, we enter August with a sense of guarded optimism, confident in the upside but ever mindful of the risks.

 

Key Findings from our Online Members Survey

  • Liquidity

    • Neutral 45.32%

    • Good 28.65%

    • Bad 26.02% 

  • Sentiment

    • Neutral 47.95%

    • Good 32.75%

    • Bad 19.30% 

  • Expectation from August’25

    • Growth 59.06%

    • Flat 31.87%

    • De-growth 09.06%

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